Description:

Anavar is one of the most popular oral anabolic steroids of unprecedented, and this is largely due to its well-tolerated nature. This is one of the few anabolic steroids that can be used safely by both men and women, and it is also one of the kind side effects. However, in some circles, Anavar is largely underestimated due to its mild nature, but this is generally due to unrealistic expectations. Many tend to assume that all anabolic steroids should produce a set of specific effects at a specific rate of energy, but reality tells us that different steroids have different results and purposes. Anavar is undoubtedly an extremely useful anabolic steroid, but in order to appreciate its benefits, we need to understand it. Anavar is the popular brand name associated with the dihydrotestosterone derived anabolic steroid Oxandrolone. The Oxandrolone hormone was first marketed under the trade name Anavar by GD Searle et al. Co. released and was announced as wearing numerous therapeutic qualities. However, in 1989 Searle would discontinue the agent; this was largely due to FDA pressure, which had tightened its grip on the anabolic steroid market. An important note; Searle also had licensing rights to the majority of Oxandrolone products in the global market that would result in this steroid disappearing almost this time. In 1995, thanks to Bio-Technology General CORP (BTG), now Savient, the Oxandrolone hormone would reappear under the trade name Oxandrin. BTG would hold a monopoly on the product during this time, which would drive its costs through the roof. Thankfully, some US-based pharmacies like Watson would start producing generic Oxandrolone in the past few years, which is driving the cost down. However, it remains one of the more expensive anabolic steroids on the market and includes if bought from the most underground laboratories. Important note for a future purchase; While Anavar remains the commonly associated name for the Oxandrolone hormone, the Anavar name itself is not used by any human grade pharmaceutical company that makes Oxandrolone. Generating generic Oxandrolone in recent years driving costs down. However, it remains one of the more expensive anabolic steroids on the market and includes if bought from the most underground laboratories. Important note for a future purchase; While Anavar remains the commonly associated name for the Oxandrolone hormone, the Anavar name itself is not used by any human grade pharmaceutical company that makes Oxandrolone. Generating generic Oxandrolone in recent years driving costs down. However, it remains one of the more expensive anabolic steroids on the market and includes if bought from the most underground laboratories. Important note for a future purchase; While Anavar remains the commonly associated name for the Oxandrolone hormone, the Anavar name itself is not used by any human grade pharmaceutical company that makes Oxandrolone.

Product description:

Oxandrolone / Anavar ( Oxanabol)

[17b-hydroxy-17a-methyl-2-oxa-5a-androstane-3-one]

CAS: 53-39-4

Appearance: white crystalline powder

Molecular weight: 306.4442 

Formula: C19H30O3

No single: 200-172-9

Melting point: 235 238 Celsius 

Effective dose: (men) 20-100mgs / day – (women) 2.5-20mgs / day Working 

life: 8-12 hours 

Detection time: 3 weeks 

Anabolic / androgenic ratio (range) : 322-630: 24

Usage1: androgenic anabolic steroid; cancels decomposition tissue processes; promotes protein accumulation; increases erythropoietin production 

Use 2: A synthetic, anabolic steroid. Used to promote muscle growth and combat involuntary weight loss. It has also been used to treat cases of osteoporosis.

2D structure:

Sample: 99.5% 

HPLC:

COA:

Application:

Anavar, we cannot call it an extremely powerful anabolic steroid; however, we can call it extremely useful. If we look at its generally well tolerated nature, this takes it to a new level, which makes it one of the most rewarding anabolic steroids of unprecedented. The key to getting the most bang for your dollar is understanding the Oxandrolone hormone and knowing what it can do and introducing it into your plan for the right purpose. If you are looking for huge gains in lean muscle in a relatively short period of time, you are disappointed in this steroid. Many tend to assume that the purpose of using the anabolic steroid is to promote large gains in muscle tissue, and if this does not occur, you are supplementing for the wrong reasons or in the wrong way. What much the failure to understand is that gains are undefined while bulk and nothing else gains much supplementation for whole body transformations that may not have large clusters in bulk. include. Any supplement to enhance athletic performance while others use steroids to maintain bulk and improve appearance. If any goals are right for you, Anavar is an excellent choice for your anabolic steroid needs.

Benefits of Oxandrolone / Anavar:

People who like to look at tube find Anavar to be one of their favorite steroids. The users who cycle this remedy will use it after 5 or 6 days of using it. 

Anavar is well known to produce “superhuman” strength without all of the usual gains. People who are looking to take their training to the next level without looking like Arnie should look at it above all else. 

This steroid is great at helping bodybuilders burn fat with subcutaneous and visceral fat. One of the reasons people use this steroid to cut is that it helps those cutting to maintain more muscle while building and even building leaner.

Those who like the feeling of being “pumped” while working out are in for a pleasant surprise while on an Anavar cycle. 

Anavar, although toxic to the liver, is much smaller than other oral steroids. 

This remedy doesn’t aromatize, so unless stacking with another steroid, users don’t have to worry about gynecomastia. 

Known to improve bone density. 

With correct PCT, any profits made are often permanent.

Side effects of Anavar:

Unlike another popular dihydrotestosterone derived anabolic steroid in Anadrol, Anavar is what we would call a rather side effect of friendly anabolic steroid. Side effects are undoubtedly possible, but they can be reduced for healthy adults. Indeed, with responsible use, many find that they experience no negative effects at all. To understand the side effects of Anavar, we have broken them down into their different categories with all the related information you need.

Obese men with type 2 diabetes often have a lack of testosterone. If this deficiency is compensated with hormone replacement therapy, sugar metabolism also improves.

What is the blood sugar level? A drop of blood is enough for the measurement. (Image: Imago)

It’s a vicious cycle: obesity often leads to a lack of testosterone in men, and the deficit of this sex hormone, in turn, leads to a further accumulation of body fat. The extent of the bacon pads increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. It is therefore not surprising that men with such “age sugar” usually not only put on too many pounds but often also have too little testosterone in their blood. Researchers from the United States now wanted to clarify to what extent those affected benefit from hormone replacement therapy. 1 Because there are indications that their derailed sugar metabolism will then improve.

More muscles, less fat

The study doctors treated a total of 44 obese men who suffered from both “old age sugar” and testosterone deficiency for half a year with testosterone and the other half with a placebo. Paresh Dandona of the State University of New York at Buffalo and his colleagues report that hormone replacement therapy has proven to be extremely useful. The men treated with it lost an average of three kilograms of fat and gained three kilograms of muscle mass at the same time. Your insulin and fasting blood glucose levels decreased, and her insulin resistance also decreased. This is referred to as when the cells do not respond adequately to the hormone insulin and are therefore unable to absorb enough glucose for their energy needs. In order to compensate for the resulting “lack of fuel”,

In order to find out why hormone replacement therapy improved metabolism, the researchers performed blood tests and gene analyzes in their fat on their subjects. They discovered that the normalization of testosterone levels had a beneficial effect on the sugar balance in at least two ways. On the one hand, it stimulated genes that ensure that the tissue perceives the messages of insulin better, and on the other hand it suppressed genes with the opposite effect. In addition, the intake of testosterone led to a decrease in the level of several inflammatory substances in the blood. These included proteins that directly or indirectly reduce the insulin sensitivity of the cells.

Michael Zitzmann, endocrinologist and sex doctor at the University Hospital in Münster, does not consider the results of the new study to be surprising. As he says on request, however, he knows of no study that has so thoroughly illuminated the influence of testosterone replacement therapy on the sugar metabolism of diabetics. Our own investigations also showed that such treatment benefits the affected person in many ways. Firstly, it could significantly reduce the need for insulin or other antidiabetic drugs; and on the other hand, it often leads to an improvement in mood and sex life as well as an increase in bone density.

Effective only in the event of a shortage

As the internist admits, the therapy only shows such beneficial effects in diabetic men with testosterone deficiency. However, such treatment is not appropriate for diabetics without this disorder.

Another way to tackle low testosterone levels, according to Zitzmann, is to change your lifestyle. “If patients manage to lose weight with exercise programs and diets, their testosterone levels will also improve.” For many, however, it is doubly difficult to achieve this goal. Because testosterone deficiency not only hinders fat loss but also impairs motivation. Diets also lead to a particularly strong loss of muscle mass in those affected. “Hormone replacement therapy, therefore, makes sense especially for those diabetics who want to change their lifestyle,” says the endocrinologist.

Genders. Power, creativity, drive, and insanity: the sex hormone testosterone models male attributes, but a feministly deluded society wants a man who is no longer a man. The resistance is growing.

The rapper Nazar is an idol at the age of 25. Wherever he goes he is surrounded by teenagers. He impressed the boy because he was often involved in fights and was therefore imprisoned. The girls get shiny eyes and adore him. “At the beginning, of course, I took advantage of my popularity, at times I needed a new cell phone number every few weeks because a few women terrorized me like this,” he says. “I made everything that wanted to be made happy,” he says in an emphatic Machomanian way. ?? But now I don’t care anymore, I live in a happy relationship, that gives me more ??.

The Iranian-born Nazar, who lives in Vienna, has an unusual masculine charisma; his effect on girls and young women is omnipresent. He doesn’t have to lie to anyone when he talks about his sexual escapades. Maybe he’s still understating. He is a masculine guy with a wiry, muscular body, and he has movement in the blood. It has rhythm, it makes the environment vibrate. And it shows aggression when it matters. He is a stage and spotlight person, and he has that slightly wicked touch that further enhances his attractiveness for women. 

What makes a man so attractive, what makes him a man? Sure, the genes. But there is also something else that particularly determines to be a man? From brain structure to body shape, muscles and bones to behavior: the male sex hormone testosterone formed in the adrenal glands and testicles, which hormone researchers and andrologists have rediscovered since it was no longer demonized as cancer-promoting when it was used years ago administered to aging men to revitalize them. “We are fighting for this paradigm shift to gain breadth,” says Paul Schramek, head of the urology and andrology department at the Barmherzige Brüder hospital in Vienna.

At the end of January, the renowned science journal “Nature” cited a study that even suggested that dihydrotestosterone, a derivative of testosterone, could help men survive cardiovascular disease more easily. Australian researchers had treated endothelial cells, which are cells that line the human blood vessels, with dihydrotestosterone, whereupon the cells formed vascular-like structures. a well-known indicator of tissue repair. And several other studies show that medicine has to revise the picture it had of testosterone up to now in several points. 

Hormones in the womb. Research has found a lot about the dominant male sex hormone, but far from everything. She knows the hormone activity in the womb, but she still doesn’t know exactly what triggers the hormonal explosion at the beginning of puberty. Neither does she know why some aging men feel wonderful with a low testosterone level and others with a relatively high hormone level complain of typical symptoms such as hot flashes, listlessness, depressed mood and lack of libido. And the connections between testosterone and the development of prostate cancer are much more complex than previously thought, as recent studies show.

In any case, testosterone is a hormone that controls the male body for a lifetime. According to a study carried out at the University of Göttingen in 2005, sex hormones in the womb determine whether the facial features of the fetus are more male or female. A typical indicator is the length ratio of index and ring fingers, according to the researchers: A longer ring finger speaks for a higher testosterone concentration and more masculine facial features. 

The tiny thing in the womb initially receives the hormone from the mother, but as soon as its primary genital organs take on recognizable forms by the tenth week, it is already able to produce the substance that later makes it man. And in an increasing and so abundant amount that it is born as a real testosterone striezel. At birth, the baby boy has a hormone level like an adult male.

But where does the pregnant woman get the testosterone from to feed the growing baby in her belly? Contrary to the stereotype of exclusively testosterone-controlled men and exclusively estrogen-controlled women, androgens and estrogens, i.e. male and female sex hormones, are distributed across both genders. The woman even has ten times more androgens than estrogens. That you ?? except in the case of a hormone disorder ?? still no beard and no chest hair grow, is because it converts a lot of the testosterone into estrogen. In the end, a woman of childbearing age has just one-tenth the average testosterone amount of an adult man.

Male researchers want to emphasize this small difference again because it has become less and less important in a feminist society. They oppose gender equality and plead for boys to be boys again and men to be men again.

While still in the womb, the fetal brain is poled from testosterone to male. However, really good experimental data is only available from animal experiments. Via epigenetics, a kind of keyboard of the genes, structures, and circuits are formed in the central organ of thought and feeling that determine later behavior with clearly male domains: spatial imagination, creativity, madness, a tendency towards dominance and power, towards territorial struggles, Goofy, overestimating yourself and sometimes self-destructive aggression. But soon after birth, the boy’s hormonal system calms down, the testosterone level drops and then stays in the basement until puberty begins.

The connection of the brain, which is polarized to males, is still sufficient to often cause clear macho behavior in the toddler. “Boys can hardly crawl, they are already heading for the war toy, girls for their mother’s lipstick”, describes the Viennese gynecologist and hormone researcher Markus Metka, author or co-author of relevant books (“Der Mann 2000”, “Die Phyto -Hormone revolution ??) the phenomenon of early masculinity. Many parents, who refused to play war and violent toys for fear of being too masculine, must then be disappointed to see their four-year-old make a shooting iron out of Lego blocks. And as soon as the boy, who has just outgrown toddlers, finds a beating on the side of the road, he is already swinging it as a weapon. 

Evolution. Behavioral researchers and psychologists make comparisons to our closest relatives: the male chimpanzee picks up a stone to throw, or they use sticks to attack each other. The females take a stone to crack a nut, a stick to poke for hidden food. Your actions are geared toward feeding offspring. The females move with their cubs in the middle of a wandering horde, and the alpha male, the pack leader, also has his place in the center. ?? Those who run around on the periphery and bear all the risks are the young males. They all make nonsense there and are scouts, ”explained emeritus Zurich psychiatry professor Jules Angst in an interview with the Hamburg news magazine“ Der Spiegel ”. We men have some of this risky behavior in our gene pool. We can’t just get out of our phylogenetic skin.

It is not without reason that the male emotion is often called “coming out of the balls”. described what often manifests itself in victorious athletes in the form of a protruding lower jaw, a clenched fist, and a primal scream. The demonstration of strength, sporting success has a not inconsiderable part to do with the masculine sex hormone ?? regular physical training increases the testosterone base concentration in the blood. The male sex hormone helps to lose fat and build muscle, which is why athletes also use artificial testosterone as a prohibited doping agent. And it hardens the bones ?? a characteristic that explains why men in old age suffer from osteoporosis much less frequently than women. 

Conversion to estrogens. Every fat cell in the body is an enemy of the male sex hormone ?? because it helps convert androgens to estrogens. Aromatase, an enzyme contained in every fat cell, is responsible for this conversion. With so-called aromatase inhibitors, doctors try to prevent the conversion of androgens to estrogens and thus take the fuel away from the carcinoma. Weight loss and fat loss reduce aromatase activity.

Alcohol plays a similar role in the enzyme in the hormonal balance. It also promotes the conversion of androgens into estrogens, which is why oncologists advise their breast cancer patients to avoid alcohol as much as possible. “Obesity, diabetes, and arteriosclerosis reduce testosterone production,” explains Vienna-based urologist Anton Ponholzer, scientific director of an andrological working group in the Austrian Society for Andrology. The testosterone level, which often varies considerably from man to man, also determines the body composition and whether and in which body regions fat deposits are formed. A lot of testosterone means less body fat, but all the more muscle mass. Little testosterone tends to mean losing muscle mass and softening body shapes.

This difference is most clearly recognizable when the boy enters puberty when the previously less pronounced or occasionally soft body shapes quickly take on strong contours: the body becomes bony and muscular, the face loses its boyish features and becomes more angular, pubic. , Armpit and leg hair begin to grow massively. Guys, but also girls, start to sweat and smell different. The testosterone surge also activates the sebaceous glands in the skin, which then burst open, catch fire, form pimples or, in extreme cases, lead to acne with the typical acne scars. The level of testosterone in the blood fluctuates according to the time of day, and the curve reaches its absolute peak in the early morning hours. For some boys, the hormone attack is so explosive that those affected often do not even know what to do with their limitless sex drive. “I was so wild that I could have pierced a wall with my tail,” says a 60-year-old man describing his instinctual eruption in his youth.

What precisely triggers sexual maturity has only been known for a few years. A whole range of messenger substances, protein molecules and hormones are involved, but above all the peptide hormone kisspeptin, whose role in triggering puberty was only discovered in the late 1990s. The decisive factor is obviously the interaction of the peptide hormone with the KISS-1 gene as soon as the messenger substance leptin, which is produced in the adipose tissue, sends a corresponding signal. It may play a role in the fact that the youthful body exceeds a certain threshold of muscle and / or fat mass, as Werner-Klaus Waldhäusl, emeritus professor of the Vienna University Clinic for Internal Medicine III, suspects. And that puberty begins much earlier today than in the 19th century, 

Prostate secretion. At the end of puberty, the young men peak their hormonal activity. The dihydrotestosterone formed from the testosterone not only increases libido, but it also promotes prostate secretion in order to provide a liquid packaging for the sperm formed in the testes, which enables ejaculation and the transport of the seminal threads. And it protects the male blood vessels so that the heart of the man can withstand the physical stress caused by multiple and persistent copulations without damage. Incidentally, testosterone also increases women’s libido, which is why gynecologists claim that androgynous women with more testosterone have a stronger sexual desire. With the fourth decade of life, the hormonal descent gradually begins, which is very slow and creeping in men but ends up abruptly in menopause in women around 45. The buzzword that came up about a decade ago about the “menopause” probably had to do with opening up new medical fields of business rather than with an actually widespread problem. According to literature, the testosterone level drops about 1.2 percent a year. However, Michael Rauchwald, head of the urology and andrology department at Vienna’s Donauspital, was amazed when he and his research group raised testosterone levels in addition to the prostate PSA level for men on the occasion of Lower Austria’s Health Day: ?? There was no significant decrease noticeable ??, reports the primary. The buzzword that came up about a decade ago about the “menopause” probably had to do with opening up new medical fields of business rather than with an actually widespread problem. According to literature, the testosterone level drops about 1.2 percent a year. However, Michael Rauchwald, head of the urology and andrology department at Vienna’s Donauspital, was amazed when he and his research group raised testosterone levels in addition to the prostate PSA level for men on the occasion of Lower Austria’s Health Day: ?? There was no significant decrease noticeable ??, reports the primary. The buzzword that came up about a decade ago about the “menopause” probably had to do with opening up new medical fields of business rather than with an actually widespread problem. According to literature, the testosterone level drops about 1.2 percent a year. However, Michael Rauchwald, head of the urology and andrology department at Vienna’s Donauspital, was amazed when he and his research group raised testosterone levels in addition to the prostate PSA level for men on the occasion of Lower Austria’s Health Day: ?? There was no significant decrease noticeable ??, reports the primary. According to literature, the testosterone level drops about 1.2 percent a year. However, Michael Rauchwald, head of the urology and andrology department at Vienna’s Donauspital, was amazed when he and his research group raised testosterone levels in addition to the prostate PSA level for men on the occasion of Lower Austria’s Health Day: ?? There was no significant decrease noticeable ??, reports the primary. According to literature, the testosterone level drops about 1.2 percent a year. However, Michael Rauchwald, head of the urology and andrology department at Vienna’s Donauspital, was amazed when he and his research group raised testosterone levels in addition to the prostate PSA level for men on the occasion of Lower Austria’s Health Day: ?? There was no significant decrease noticeable ??, reports the primary.

After the great euphoria with which doctors began to treat the alleged menopause of men with hormone substitutes in Europe ten years ago, according to the US model, disillusionment soon returned. In the United States, it turned out that the hormone substitutes, which were prescribed in a completely uncritical and uncontrolled manner and which were used to treat menopausal women in particular, led to an increase in breast cancer cases. As a result, only a few doctors dared to prescribe hormone preparations. Indeed, breast cancer rates in the United States have declined over the past five years. 

Hormone status. Not so in Austria. Possible explanation: Unlike her US colleagues, domestic gynecologists had not uncontrollably prescribed artificial hormones as a lifestyle drug for more youthfulness, but mostly only in the case of massive changes, severe estrogen deficiency and regular monitoring of hormone status. For this reason, the breast cancer rate in Germany did not increase to the same extent as in the USA and consequently did not decrease to the same extent. “The fog is clearing up,” says the Vienna hormone researcher Johannes Huber, who, due to the US experience, had to put up with a lot of scolding for the hormone replacement therapy he propagated.

The scientific debate about artificial hormone replacement did not remain without effects on andrology. Cautious male doctors, who from the outset were not declared friends of hormonal tuition for the aging man, saw themselves confirmed. Others shifted down a gear and became more careful: it cannot be ruled out that hormone doses can also trigger cancer in men? in the case of the trigger or carrier of hormone-induced prostate cancer.

But meanwhile, the view of things has changed. “The idea that a high testosterone level triggers prostate cancer is too simple,” explains Androloge Rauchwald. A number of studies have meanwhile shown that the male hormone level in patients with aggressive prostate cancer is significantly low. “These are things that make you think,” says urologist Christian Kratzik from the Vienna Medical University, who was able to show in a study that testosterone levels drop significantly up to four years before such aggressive carcinoma occurs. “The cancer cell apparently builds testosterone from other substances,” says Kratzik.

In two other studies carried out in the previous year, Kratzik encountered an additional phenomenon: Testosterone administration in the case of massively metastatic, overtreated prostate cancer lowers the PSA value ?? a marker that indicates the amount of prostate-specific antigen and thus the existence or growth of a tumor. The researchers do not know why. Based on the literature and his own study results, Kratzik concludes: If you don’t have prostate cancer, testosterone doses will certainly not cause cancer. But artificial hormones could wake up a sleeping carcinoma. So I advocate caution.

But the idea that testosterone doses get the aging man up and running like elderly women is still tempting: Hormone researcher Huber reports about 80- and 90-year-old women, who experienced a lot of symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue and improved with testosterone treatment Forgetfulness. There are already considerations of using testosterone for Alzheimer’s prevention. His colleague Markus Metka recommends plant hormones because of their better bioavailability. For the weakening man extracts from the sabal fruit as well as from the ginseng, yams and tribulus roots.

The weakening powers of the aging man were already an issue in the Old Testament. King David felt weak, he shivered, was not concentrated, he lacked decision-making power, according to the legend. The wise men of Israel discussed what to do. Instead of giving medicinal plants to their king, they decided to look for the prettiest girl in Israel and found her in Sunem’s 16-year-old Abisag, who barely clothed her over the king’s loins. After a while, the king felt warmth rise in his body, he regained momentum and determination: he ordered two of his three potential successors to be killed.

Sex hormones seem to play a central role in depression. In a recent study by the Vienna Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, the effect of testosterone and estrogen on the density of serotonin transporters in the brain was examined using the model of hormone therapy for transsexuals. The researchers were able to show that the serotonin transporter is significantly increased after four weeks of testosterone therapy and continues to increase with ongoing therapy.

Frontal section of the distribution of the serotonin transporter in female-to-male transsexuals before (PET 1, left) and one (PET 2, middle) or four months (PET 3, right) after the start of the opposite sex hormone therapy. The increase in the binding potential over time is evident from the increase in the green-yellow-red color in subcortical structures.

Epidemiological studies show that women are almost twice as likely to experience depression and anxiety disorders as men. Women are usually younger at first onset and show a greater number of symptoms and depressive episodes. Above all, the fact that many women have depressive symptoms in times of strong hormonal fluctuations (cycle, change, post-partum) suggests that sex hormones influence the biological mechanism underlying mood. Furthermore, the suicide rate is higher in depressed men, and they tend to aggression and increased risk behavior.

When the sex hormone testosterone decreases in older age, men often suffer from depression, and some studies have shown a positive effect of testosterone on mood in those affected. Therefore, mood swings in both sexes appear to be closely associated with sex hormones, a result that is not surprising given the strong modulation of the serotonin system by sex hormones. A number of animal studies have previously demonstrated this close connection between the neurotransmitter system serotonin, which is central to depression, and the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone.

The first human studies also exist which use positron emission tomography to suggest that receptor and transporter availability in the synaptic cleft is dependent on sex hormones. Most of these studies are based on cross-sectional studies and therefore do not allow any conclusions to be drawn about the causality of the observed dependency. In a recent study published in the journal “Biological Psychiatry” ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.09.010 ), hormone therapy for transsexuals was the first to establish a causal mechanism for the effect of testosterone on the Binding potential of serotonin transporters (5-HTT) in the brain are shown.

The study

Transsexual subjects of both sexes were examined, who were measured three times in a longitudinal study design using PET and the radioligand [11C] DASB to quantify the 5-HTT concentration in the synaptic cleft. The first measurement was made before the start of the opposite sex hormone therapy, a second measurement was made four weeks after the start of the therapy and a third measurement four months after the start of the therapy. Female-to-male transsexuals (FzMT) received testosterone, while male-to-female transsexuals (MzFT) were given anti-androgens to suppress testosterone and estrogen. This corresponds to standard therapy,

Blood was taken at each PET appointment to determine the plasma levels of estrogen and testosterone. Furthermore, female and male control subjects were measured once and a subset of the male control subjects was measured twice with PET and [11C] DASB. As expected by the researchers, after four weeks of testosterone therapy with FzMT, there was a significant increase in plasma testosterone in the male reference range, which was even more pronounced after four months of therapy. In contrast, the testosterone concentration in plasma from MzFT after four weeks of anti-androgen therapy in the female reference range, where they remained after four months of therapy.

Analysis of the PET data showed that the 5-HTT binding potential after four weeks – and even more so after four months – of testosterone therapy with FzMT was significantly increased in contrast to the first measurement in several subcortical regions (see figure). This increase was particularly evident in the almond kernel and in the striatum. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between the increase in testosterone concentration in plasma and the increase in 5-HTT binding in these regions was found, a finding that underpins the postulated causal relationship between testosterone and transporter density. In contrast, there was no significant difference in MFT after four weeks of antiandrogen and estrogen therapy; however, there was a significant reduction in 5-HTT binding in the striatum as well as in the cingular cortex and the island after four months of therapy. Interestingly, however, there was a significantly negative relationship between the decrease in 5-HTT binding in these regions and the increase in estrogen levels.

Implications

The results of this study suggest that testosterone increases the density of serotonin transporters on the cell surface in subcortical brain structures. These findings are in line with rat studies, which found increased 5-HTT density and 5-HTT messenger RNA after testosterone administration. Since testosterone is largely converted to estrogen in the brain via the aromatase enzyme and many functions of testosterone affect the function and structure of the brain in this way, it can be assumed that the testosterone effect observed here can also be explained by this mechanism.

This is also supported by the result that the increase in estrogen in MFT had an apparently “protective” effect on the decline in serotonin transporters. Furthermore, it can be assumed that testosterone (and the estrogen that arises from it in the brain) not only act directly on the expression of the serotonin transporter through the binding of nuclear receptors but also indirectly increases the expression of the serotonin transporter through the increased release of serotonin. This may explain why testosterone therapy has a positive effect on mood in hypogonadal men.

The serotonin transporter, in turn, is responsible for the uptake of extracellular serotonin, and an increased 5-HTT density suggests an increased serotonin uptake; the expression of the serotonin transporter itself is strongly regulated by the serotonin content in the synaptic cleft. A low 5-HTT density can thus be interpreted as an expression of reduced serotonergic neurotransmission, while an increased 5-HTT binding potential reflects higher serotonin concentrations in the synaptic cleft.

The pop punker Iggy Pop in action. Some men obviously don’t need an extra dose of testosterone even in old age.

• In aging men, testosterone levels drop naturally. This is said to lead to fatigue and disturbances in love life.
• Doctors often treat this with hormone therapy, in which testosterone is administered artificially.
• Recent studies doubt the effectiveness of the therapy, it is even harmful.

Getting old is not for cowards. Especially not when you come across a questionnaire about physical fitness, mental well-being and sexual performance around the age of 50. After all, the years have already left depressing traces: the hair has become thinner, the pleasure in a double bed is a rare guest, and although you used to be very sporty, the muscles also lack their desired elasticity. And because the crosses end up somewhere in the middle of the questionnaire, it always comes out that men could suffer from an age-related lack of the sex hormone testosterone. ADAM calls it male doctors, for androgen deficit of the aging male, And promotes the obvious solution: to replace the dwindling hormone of masculinity with plasters, gels or syringes.

In fact, the amount of hormone naturally decreases in all aging men. But for very few – an estimated three to five percent – the loss is responsible for symptoms such as fatigue and loss of masculinity. And how little the replacement brings is now proven once again by a professionally carried out, placebo-controlled examination in the medical journal Jama: endocrinologists led by expert Shalender Bhasin from Harvard Medical School in Boston, USA have treated more than 300 men with an age-related low testosterone level for three years.

The men were 60 years or older and received either the hormone or a dummy drug. First and foremost, the researchers wanted to find out how adolescent testosterone levels affect older men’s vessels. Previous studies had vaguely indicated that high levels of testosterone in the blood could have a positive effect on developing atherosclerosis. At the same time, other studies suggested that the hormone supplied increased the risk of a heart attack.

Instead of fixing sexual problems, the hormone increased the toughness of the blood

Bhasin and his team were at least able to rule out the positive effect on the arteries through their study. At the same time, however, they again found that testosterone also did not reduce men’s pleasure and potency problems. The preparations had no overall effect on the general quality of life. In another study, part of the research team also showed that age-related problems with ejaculation could not be remedied by testosterone.

The only detectable effects were, therefore, the side effects of the substitution: In the testosterone group, the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood rose significantly, in some cases above the level used in the early detection of prostate cancer as a reason for a biopsy. In fact, testosterone can stimulate the growth of small, yet undiscovered tumors. The so-called hematocrit also climbed in this group. It describes the cell density in the blood, i.e. its toughness. The hematocrit also increases the risk of blood clots that can clog arteries and lead to strokes.

Contrary to scientific advice, the number of treatments is increasing

Especially healthy men should, therefore, avoid substitution despite the physical burden of old age. Serious andro- and urologists have been warning their clients for more than ten years not to talk themselves into illness and to have them treated with expensive testosterone preparations. Nevertheless, interest in unnecessary therapy does not wane. In the United States, the number of testosterone treatments rose from 1.3 to 2.3 million between 2009 and 2013. In Sweden, the number of men treated almost doubled within eight years.

And in Germany, too, the requests for a substitution of the supposedly missing hormone according to the German Society for Endocrinology are steadily increasing – although it is difficult to say to what extent. However, experts assume that the consumption of testosterone in Germany has doubled in the past 15 years. The manufacturers of the preparations can, therefore, rely on it: The fear of not only getting old but also feeling old remains. In fact, it would be too nice if a plaster would help.

Men want to be male and stay that way, especially when they are older!

This is due to testosterone, the most important male sex hormone (androgen). This decreases with increasing age and fluctuates in the daily rhythm (optimal time for the measurement is in the morning, between 8 and 10 a.m.). But the question arises: how much testosterone does “He” need?

Laboratory diagnostics are based on the normal medical values ​​(men 1.93 – 8.36 ng/ml women 0.03 – 0.48 ng/ml), these mostly only reflect an average, but not the age-related target value, help here the age-corrected testosterone values:

What do we actually need testosterone for? Only for the “one”?

No, testosterone increases muscle mass and muscle strength as well as bone density and bone maturity in both sexes and also influences fat and sugar metabolism.

The answer to the question of the optimal testosterone level is easy to answer: “If the man is fine, then his hormone balance is also good”. The man has to feel good, then he also has an optimal testosterone level.

What can “man” do if a defect is found in the laboratory?

In men, testosterone is largely produced under the influence of LH (luteinizing hormone) in the Leydig’s interstitial cells in the testes, women produce small amounts of testosterone in the ovaries and adrenal cortex.

The deficit of the sex hormone occurs because the total testosterone still produced and present is bound to albumins and globulins (sex hormone binding globulin = SHBG). The bound portion is biologically inactive. If the liver produces a high level of SHBG, symptoms of a testosterone deficiency can also occur with high total testosterone values.

Now the good news: “Man” can do something about it naturally, if the androgen is too low, it can be reactivated!

An extract from natural fenugreek with iron, zinc and vitamin B6 can normalize the testosterone level again. Seek advice from your doctor or pharmacist.